Docker 최신 버전 설치 / PPA 설정
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확인된 시스템: Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS Windows 10 professional
Docker 1.11 부터 Docker for Linux, Windows, Mac에 대대적인 기능 변화가 있었다. 이제 Docker를 Windows, Mac, Linux에서 좀 더 편하고 빠르게 쓸 수 있도록 된 것도 그중 하나이다.
2가지 방법들을 적는데 Linux는 모두 할 수 있음을 알린다. 출처: docs.docker.com
1 (Windows, Mac, Linux) 먼저 Windows, Mac은 설치용 파일을 따로 받게 된다.
- Windows (2016-8-3일 기준)
Windows는 필수 사양이 7, 8, 8.1, 10 이면서 64-bit 이여야 한다. 권장은 pro 또는 enterprise 버젼. 만약 pro 또는 enterprise 가 아니라면 다른 것을 설치하여야 한다.
Windows는 반드시 Hyper-V가 이용 가능한 Windows 10 pro 또는 enterprise 버젼으로 쓰기 바란다. 만약 그렇지 않는다면 Docker Toolbox, Oracle Virtualbox 라는 것들을 설치하여야 한다.
Pro 또는 Enterprise: Hyper-V를 검색하고 만약 검색하고도 보이지 않는다면 설치가 안되있다는 뜻이니 반드시 Windows 기능 켜기/끄기에서 Hyper-V를 활성화 해야 한다.
여기서 부터 7이상 이면서 64-bit 운영체제 이기만 하면 된다.
이제 모두 준비 됬으면 설치한다. 설치 파일(확장자가 msi 이다.)을 사용해 설치.
설치가 다되면 이제 남은 건 확인하는 것이다. cmd, powershell 또는 기타 등등의 Shell을 연다.
다음 명령어를 입력한다.
docker run hello-world
반드시 어떤 가이드 같은 것들이 출력되어야 한다. 만약 그렇지 않는다면 문제가 있는 것이다.
출력이 되면 정상적으로 모든 것들이 설치가 된 것이다. 기본 설정이 Windows 시작시 Docker 시작이므로 그냥 쓰면 된다.
- Mac OS X
Mac은 확인을 하지 않아 적지를 않는다. 하지만 링크를 적어둔다. https://docs.docker.com/toolbox/toolbox_install_mac/
- Linux
웬만한 Linux 라면 다 된다. --> https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/ 여기서는 Ubuntu 배포판만 적어둔다. 하지만 위 링크에서 웬만한 배포판에 최적화된 설치 가이드가 주어지니 그걸 읽으면 그렇게 어렵진 않다.
먼저 Kernel이 3.10 이상의 것이여야 한다. 최신 Ubuntu라면 4.x 이상이니 확인할 필요는 없다. Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 이상이면 되므로 최신을 쓰면 이 역시 확인할 필요는 없다.
apt-transport-https 와 ca-certificates, 이 둘이 설치되어야 하는데 이건 운영체제 설치과정에서 주어지므로 하지 않아도 된다. 허나 만약 설치가 안되 있으면 설치한다.
터미널을 열고 그 다음 명령어를 입력한다. --> sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D
명령어를 입력하고 해당 키가 추가되면 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/에서 docker.list 라는 것을 편집해야 한다.
자신이 쓰고자 하는 편집기를 관리자 권한에서 실행하여 편집하면 된다. 없는 경우도 있는데 만들면 된다.
예시: sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
넣어야 할 내용은 다음 링크를 따라가면 된다. --> https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/ubuntulinux/#/update-your-apt-sources 버젼 별로 있으니 해당 내용을 읽고 자신 버젼에 맞게 넣으면 끝.
sudo apt-get update 로 설정들을 전부 설치. 만약 lxc-docker 가 있으면 그걸 purge 명령어로 지운다.
이것으로 준비가 되었다. 12.04 LTS는 다음 링크 --> https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/ubuntulinux/#/prerequisites-by-ubuntu-version
설치하는 단계이다. sudo apt-get install docker-engine 를 입력하고 sudo docker run hello-world로 설치된 docker가 돌아가는지 확인한다.
만약 안되면 sudo service docker start 로 service를 돌려야 한다.
그래도 안되면 무언가 잘못된 것이니 구글링 하는 것이 좋다.
이제 확인 단계는 Windows 처럼 똑같이 무언가 나올 것이다.
정상 설치가 되었는지 여부를 보는 방법
sudo docker run hello-world 를 입력하고 나서 다음 내용이 나오면 정상 설치된 것.
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker Hub account:
https://hub.docker.com
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/
2 (Linux에만 해당) 이 내용을 따라하기 위해 먼저 필요한 것: curl이 설치된 Ubuntu, 관리자 권한을 얻기 위한 정보 (curl은 "sudo apt-get install curl" 명령을 사용하여 설치 가능)
다음 명령어를 실행하여 Docker 팀이 제공하는 설치 스크립트를 실행하면, Docker 팀이 관리하는 PPA가 추가되고 최신 버전의 Docker가 설치된다.
이 명령을 실행하기 위해서는 관리자 권한이 필요하기 때문에, 관리자 계정의 비밀번호를 입력하여야 한다.
$ curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ubuntu/ | sudo sh
상기 주소에서 제공하던 배포판 별 설치 스크립트를 아래 주소로 통합하여 배포판을 자동 인식함.
$ curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sudo sh
실행되는 스크립트의 내용은 아래와 같다.
#!/bin/sh
set -e
#
# This script is meant for quick & easy install via:
# 'curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh'
# or:
# 'wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh'
#
# For test builds (ie. release candidates):
# 'curl -fsSL https://test.docker.com/ | sh'
# or:
# 'wget -qO- https://test.docker.com/ | sh'
#
# For experimental builds:
# 'curl -fsSL https://experimental.docker.com/ | sh'
# or:
# 'wget -qO- https://experimental.docker.com/ | sh'
#
# Docker Maintainers:
# To update this script on https://get.docker.com,
# use hack/release.sh during a normal release,
# or the following one-liner for script hotfixes:
# s3cmd put --acl-public -P hack/install.sh s3://get.docker.com/index
#
url='https://get.docker.com/'
command_exists() {
command -v "$@" > /dev/null 2>&1
}
echo_docker_as_nonroot() {
if command_exists docker && [ -e /var/run/docker.sock ]; then
(
set -x
$sh_c 'docker version'
) || true
fi
your_user=your-user
[ "$user" != 'root' ] && your_user="$user"
# intentionally mixed spaces and tabs here -- tabs are stripped by "<<-EOF", spaces are kept in the output
cat <<-EOF
If you would like to use Docker as a non-root user, you should now consider
adding your user to the "docker" group with something like:
sudo usermod -aG docker $your_user
Remember that you will have to log out and back in for this to take effect!
EOF
}
# Check if this is a forked Linux distro
check_forked() {
# Check for lsb_release command existence, it usually exists in forked distros
if command_exists lsb_release; then
# Check if the `-u` option is supported
set +e
lsb_release -a -u > /dev/null 2>&1
lsb_release_exit_code=$?
set -e
# Check if the command has exited successfully, it means we're in a forked distro
if [ "$lsb_release_exit_code" = "0" ]; then
# Print info about current distro
cat <<-EOF
You're using '$lsb_dist' version '$dist_version'.
EOF
# Get the upstream release info
lsb_dist=$(lsb_release -a -u 2>&1 | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | grep -E 'id' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d '[[:space:]]')
dist_version=$(lsb_release -a -u 2>&1 | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | grep -E 'codename' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d '[[:space:]]')
# Print info about upstream distro
cat <<-EOF
Upstream release is '$lsb_dist' version '$dist_version'.
EOF
else
if [ -r /etc/debian_version ] && [ "$lsb_dist" != "ubuntu" ]; then
# We're Debian and don't even know it!
lsb_dist=debian
dist_version="$(cat /etc/debian_version | sed 's/\/.*//' | sed 's/\..*//')"
case "$dist_version" in
8|'Kali Linux 2')
dist_version="jessie"
;;
7)
dist_version="wheezy"
;;
esac
fi
fi
fi
}
rpm_import_repository_key() {
local key=$1; shift
local tmpdir=$(mktemp -d)
chmod 600 "$tmpdir"
gpg --homedir "$tmpdir" --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key"
gpg --homedir "$tmpdir" --export --armor "$key" > "$tmpdir"/repo.key
rpm --import "$tmpdir"/repo.key
rm -rf "$tmpdir"
}
semverParse() {
major="${1%%.*}"
minor="${1#$major.}"
minor="${minor%%.*}"
patch="${1#$major.$minor.}"
patch="${patch%%[-.]*}"
}
do_install() {
case "$(uname -m)" in
*64)
;;
*)
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
Error: you are not using a 64bit platform.
Docker currently only supports 64bit platforms.
EOF
exit 1
;;
esac
if command_exists docker; then
version="$(docker -v | awk -F '[ ,]+' '{ print $3 }')"
MAJOR_W=1
MINOR_W=10
semverParse $version
shouldWarn=0
if [ $major -lt $MAJOR_W ]; then
shouldWarn=1
fi
if [ $major -le $MAJOR_W ] && [ $minor -lt $MINOR_W ]; then
shouldWarn=1
fi
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
Warning: the "docker" command appears to already exist on this system.
If you already have Docker installed, this script can cause trouble, which is
why we're displaying this warning and provide the opportunity to cancel the
installation.
If you installed the current Docker package using this script and are using it
EOF
if [ $shouldWarn -eq 1 ]; then
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
again to update Docker, we urge you to migrate your image store before upgrading
to v1.10+.
You can find instructions for this here:
https://github.com/docker/docker/wiki/Engine-v1.10.0-content-addressability-migration
EOF
else
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
again to update Docker, you can safely ignore this message.
EOF
fi
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
You may press Ctrl+C now to abort this script.
EOF
( set -x; sleep 20 )
fi
user="$(id -un 2>/dev/null || true)"
sh_c='sh -c'
if [ "$user" != 'root' ]; then
if command_exists sudo; then
sh_c='sudo -E sh -c'
elif command_exists su; then
sh_c='su -c'
else
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
Error: this installer needs the ability to run commands as root.
We are unable to find either "sudo" or "su" available to make this happen.
EOF
exit 1
fi
fi
curl=''
if command_exists curl; then
curl='curl -sSL'
elif command_exists wget; then
curl='wget -qO-'
elif command_exists busybox && busybox --list-modules | grep -q wget; then
curl='busybox wget -qO-'
fi
# check to see which repo they are trying to install from
repo='main'
if [ "https://test.docker.com/" = "$url" ]; then
repo='testing'
elif [ "https://experimental.docker.com/" = "$url" ]; then
repo='experimental'
fi
# perform some very rudimentary platform detection
lsb_dist=''
dist_version=''
if command_exists lsb_release; then
lsb_dist="$(lsb_release -si)"
fi
if [ -z "$lsb_dist" ] && [ -r /etc/lsb-release ]; then
lsb_dist="$(. /etc/lsb-release && echo "$DISTRIB_ID")"
fi
if [ -z "$lsb_dist" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_version ]; then
lsb_dist='debian'
fi
if [ -z "$lsb_dist" ] && [ -r /etc/fedora-release ]; then
lsb_dist='fedora'
fi
if [ -z "$lsb_dist" ] && [ -r /etc/oracle-release ]; then
lsb_dist='oracleserver'
fi
if [ -z "$lsb_dist" ]; then
if [ -r /etc/centos-release ] || [ -r /etc/redhat-release ]; then
lsb_dist='centos'
fi
fi
if [ -z "$lsb_dist" ] && [ -r /etc/os-release ]; then
lsb_dist="$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$ID")"
fi
lsb_dist="$(echo "$lsb_dist" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')"
case "$lsb_dist" in
ubuntu)
if command_exists lsb_release; then
dist_version="$(lsb_release --codename | cut -f2)"
fi
if [ -z "$dist_version" ] && [ -r /etc/lsb-release ]; then
dist_version="$(. /etc/lsb-release && echo "$DISTRIB_CODENAME")"
fi
;;
debian)
dist_version="$(cat /etc/debian_version | sed 's/\/.*//' | sed 's/\..*//')"
case "$dist_version" in
8)
dist_version="jessie"
;;
7)
dist_version="wheezy"
;;
esac
;;
oracleserver)
# need to switch lsb_dist to match yum repo URL
lsb_dist="oraclelinux"
dist_version="$(rpm -q --whatprovides redhat-release --queryformat "%{VERSION}\n" | sed 's/\/.*//' | sed 's/\..*//' | sed 's/Server*//')"
;;
fedora|centos)
dist_version="$(rpm -q --whatprovides redhat-release --queryformat "%{VERSION}\n" | sed 's/\/.*//' | sed 's/\..*//' | sed 's/Server*//')"
;;
*)
if command_exists lsb_release; then
dist_version="$(lsb_release --codename | cut -f2)"
fi
if [ -z "$dist_version" ] && [ -r /etc/os-release ]; then
dist_version="$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_ID")"
fi
;;
esac
# Check if this is a forked Linux distro
check_forked
# Run setup for each distro accordingly
case "$lsb_dist" in
amzn)
(
set -x
$sh_c 'sleep 3; yum -y -q install docker'
)
echo_docker_as_nonroot
exit 0
;;
'opensuse project'|opensuse)
echo 'Going to perform the following operations:'
if [ "$repo" != 'main' ]; then
echo ' * add repository obs://Virtualization:containers'
fi
echo ' * install Docker'
$sh_c 'echo "Press CTRL-C to abort"; sleep 3'
if [ "$repo" != 'main' ]; then
# install experimental packages from OBS://Virtualization:containers
(
set -x
zypper -n ar -f obs://Virtualization:containers Virtualization:containers
rpm_import_repository_key 55A0B34D49501BB7CA474F5AA193FBB572174FC2
)
fi
(
set -x
zypper -n install docker
)
echo_docker_as_nonroot
exit 0
;;
'suse linux'|sle[sd])
echo 'Going to perform the following operations:'
if [ "$repo" != 'main' ]; then
echo ' * add repository obs://Virtualization:containers'
echo ' * install experimental Docker using packages NOT supported by SUSE'
else
echo ' * add the "Containers" module'
echo ' * install Docker using packages supported by SUSE'
fi
$sh_c 'echo "Press CTRL-C to abort"; sleep 3'
if [ "$repo" != 'main' ]; then
# install experimental packages from OBS://Virtualization:containers
echo >&2 'Warning: installing experimental packages from OBS, these packages are NOT supported by SUSE'
(
set -x
zypper -n ar -f obs://Virtualization:containers/SLE_12 Virtualization:containers
rpm_import_repository_key 55A0B34D49501BB7CA474F5AA193FBB572174FC2
)
else
# Add the containers module
# Note well-1: the SLE machine must already be registered against SUSE Customer Center
# Note well-2: the `-r ""` is required to workaround a known issue of SUSEConnect
(
set -x
SUSEConnect -p sle-module-containers/12/x86_64 -r ""
)
fi
(
set -x
zypper -n install docker
)
echo_docker_as_nonroot
exit 0
;;
ubuntu|debian)
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
did_apt_get_update=
apt_get_update() {
if [ -z "$did_apt_get_update" ]; then
( set -x; $sh_c 'sleep 3; apt-get update' )
did_apt_get_update=1
fi
}
# aufs is preferred over devicemapper; try to ensure the driver is available.
if ! grep -q aufs /proc/filesystems && ! $sh_c 'modprobe aufs'; then
if uname -r | grep -q -- '-generic' && dpkg -l 'linux-image-*-generic' | grep -qE '^ii|^hi' 2>/dev/null; then
kern_extras="linux-image-extra-$(uname -r) linux-image-extra-virtual"
apt_get_update
( set -x; $sh_c 'sleep 3; apt-get install -y -q '"$kern_extras" ) || true
if ! grep -q aufs /proc/filesystems && ! $sh_c 'modprobe aufs'; then
echo >&2 'Warning: tried to install '"$kern_extras"' (for AUFS)'
echo >&2 ' but we still have no AUFS. Docker may not work. Proceeding anyways!'
( set -x; sleep 10 )
fi
else
echo >&2 'Warning: current kernel is not supported by the linux-image-extra-virtual'
echo >&2 ' package. We have no AUFS support. Consider installing the packages'
echo >&2 ' linux-image-virtual kernel and linux-image-extra-virtual for AUFS support.'
( set -x; sleep 10 )
fi
fi
# install apparmor utils if they're missing and apparmor is enabled in the kernel
# otherwise Docker will fail to start
if [ "$(cat /sys/module/apparmor/parameters/enabled 2>/dev/null)" = 'Y' ]; then
if command -v apparmor_parser >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo 'apparmor is enabled in the kernel and apparmor utils were already installed'
else
echo 'apparmor is enabled in the kernel, but apparmor_parser missing'
apt_get_update
( set -x; $sh_c 'sleep 3; apt-get install -y -q apparmor' )
fi
fi
if [ ! -e /usr/lib/apt/methods/https ]; then
apt_get_update
( set -x; $sh_c 'sleep 3; apt-get install -y -q apt-transport-https ca-certificates' )
fi
if [ -z "$curl" ]; then
apt_get_update
( set -x; $sh_c 'sleep 3; apt-get install -y -q curl ca-certificates' )
curl='curl -sSL'
fi
(
set -x
$sh_c "apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D"
$sh_c "mkdir -p /etc/apt/sources.list.d"
$sh_c "echo deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture)] https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ${lsb_dist}-${dist_version} ${repo} > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list"
$sh_c 'sleep 3; apt-get update; apt-get install -y -q docker-engine'
)
echo_docker_as_nonroot
exit 0
;;
fedora|centos|oraclelinux)
$sh_c "cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-${repo}.repo" <<-EOF
[docker-${repo}-repo]
name=Docker ${repo} Repository
baseurl=https://yum.dockerproject.org/repo/${repo}/${lsb_dist}/${dist_version}
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://yum.dockerproject.org/gpg
EOF
if [ "$lsb_dist" = "fedora" ] && [ "$dist_version" -ge "22" ]; then
(
set -x
$sh_c 'sleep 3; dnf -y -q install docker-engine'
)
else
(
set -x
$sh_c 'sleep 3; yum -y -q install docker-engine'
)
fi
echo_docker_as_nonroot
exit 0
;;
gentoo)
if [ "$url" = "https://test.docker.com/" ]; then
# intentionally mixed spaces and tabs here -- tabs are stripped by "<<-'EOF'", spaces are kept in the output
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
You appear to be trying to install the latest nightly build in Gentoo.'
The portage tree should contain the latest stable release of Docker, but'
if you want something more recent, you can always use the live ebuild'
provided in the "docker" overlay available via layman. For more'
instructions, please see the following URL:'
https://github.com/tianon/docker-overlay#using-this-overlay'
After adding the "docker" overlay, you should be able to:'
emerge -av =app-emulation/docker-9999'
EOF
exit 1
fi
(
set -x
$sh_c 'sleep 3; emerge app-emulation/docker'
)
exit 0
;;
esac
# intentionally mixed spaces and tabs here -- tabs are stripped by "<<-'EOF'", spaces are kept in the output
cat >&2 <<-'EOF'
Either your platform is not easily detectable, is not supported by this
installer script (yet - PRs welcome! [hack/install.sh]), or does not yet have
a package for Docker. Please visit the following URL for more detailed
installation instructions:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/
EOF
exit 1
}
# wrapped up in a function so that we have some protection against only getting
# half the file during "curl | sh"
do_install